If you are exploring the layered history of Alexandria, Egypt, you must connect with the story of the Caesareum of Alexandria. Originally conceived by Cleopatra VII, the last pharaoh of ancient Egypt, this ancient temple was intended to honour her lover, Julius Caesar or Mark Antony. Following his victory over Antony and Cleopatra, Roman Emperor Augustus completed the edifice, erased all traces of Antony, and dedicated the sanctuary to his own imperial cult.
By the late fourth century, the structure was converted into a Christian church that served as the headquarters for Patriarch Cyril of Alexandria. It was also the tragic site where the famous mathematician and philosopher Hypatia was murdered by a mob in 415. Though elements of the temple survived into the nineteenth century, its famous ancient obelisks, known as Cleopatra's Needles, were eventually relocated to London's Thames Embankment and New York City's Central Park.
Recent underwater archaeological work by Franck Goddio and the IEASM in Alexandria's eastern harbour has shed new light on its harbour relationship and early groundworks. Today, when you visit the historic location, you will find a large statue honouring the Alexandrine nationalist leader Saad Zaghloul standing proudly upon the ancient Caesareum site.
What to see at Caesareum of Alexandria
- Conceived by Cleopatra VII and completed by Roman emperor Augustus
- Former late 4th-century church headquarters of Cyril of Alexandria
- Tragic 415 AD site of the murder of philosopher Hypatia
- Original home of Cleopatra's Needles, now in NYC and London
- Current site of the large statue of nationalist leader Saad Zaghloul
Visiting tips
When visiting the site today, keep in mind that underwater archaeological research in the eastern harbour continues to reveal insights about the ancient temple's layout and harbour connection.
How long: 1 hour · Best time: Daytime
How to get there & what’s nearby
Caesareum of Alexandria is easy to reach on Alexandria’s public transport, and pairs naturally with El-Mursi Abul Abbas Mosque and Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa. For where to stay, the weather and full itineraries, see our Alexandria travel guide.
See the full Alexandria travel guide for where to stay, the best time to visit and the top things to do.