When you visit Gorkhatri in the south-east side of Peshawar, Pakistan, you step directly onto an extraordinary archaeological site with over two millennia of history. Originally linked to ancient landmarks like the Kanishka stupa and Buddha's giant bowl tower mentioned by 7th-century Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang and Mughal Emperor Babar, this location represents the deep roots of South Asia’s oldest living city. As you explore the 160×160 square meter compound, you will discover layers of fascinating heritage.
In 1641, Jahanara Begum, daughter of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, established it as a caravanserai named Sarai Jahanabad, constructing two gateways, a pavilion, a Jama Masjid, a sauna bath, and two wells to serve traveling guests. Later, Sikh rulers converted the compound into the residence and headquarters for mercenary general Paolo Avitabile, who served as Peshawar's governor from 1838 to 1842. During this period, the Sikhs built the central Goraknath Temple dedicated to Shiva, making it a Hindu pilgrimage site.
Modern excavations here confirmed human settlement dating back to at least the 3rd century BC, while the compound later served as a police headquarters and fire brigade station between 1917 and 2002. Today, you can admire its impressive gateways, central temple, and southern and western cells.
What to see at Gorkhatri
- Mughal-era square compound originally constructed as a caravanserai in 1641
- Goraknath Temple, a central Hindu Shiva temple added during Sikh rule
- Archaeological excavation site proving Peshawar is South Asia's oldest living city
- Two prominent historical gateways and a network of cells along the southern and western sides
- Rich heritage associated with Emperor Babar, Xuanzang, and General Paolo Avitabile
Visiting tips
Take time to examine the central Goraknath Temple and surrounding structure networks to appreciate the site's transition from Mughal caravanserai to Sikh headquarters and modern municipal site.
How long: 1-2 hours · Best time: Daytime
How to get there & what’s nearby
Gorkhatri is easy to reach on Peshawar’s public transport, and pairs naturally with Mohabbat Khan Mosque and Peshawar Museum. For where to stay, the weather and full itineraries, see our Peshawar travel guide.
See the full Peshawar travel guide for where to stay, the best time to visit and the top things to do.