Why Shangqiu
Shangqiu is a historic city located in the easternmost section of Henan province in Central China. Situated on the North China Plain, it borders Kaifeng and Zhoukou within Henan, as well as the provinces of Shandong and Anhui. The city acts as a major regional transportation hub, positioned at a prominent railway junction where the Longhai line intersects with the Beijing-Kowloon line. It is also served by national highways and high-speed rail links, connecting the municipality to broader regional and international transit routes.
The region possesses deep historical roots dating back more than 3,000 years. It served as an important base for the Shang dynasty, with its first capital established just south of the present city. Over the centuries, Shangqiu held strategic importance under various ruling powers, functioning as the capital of the Song state, the seat of the Liang Kingdom, and the southern capital of the Northern Song dynasty. Legendary and historical figures associated with the area include Cangjie, the traditional creator of Chinese writing, along with classical philosophers Zhuangzi and Mozi.
Shangqiu features numerous cultural and historical landmarks. The ancient walled district of Suiyang, built in 1511 during the Ming dynasty, is one of the best-preserved traditional city sites in China. Notable area attractions include Ebo Tai, considered the earliest star observatory in the country, and Yingtian Shuyuan, an influential educational institute from the Northern Song period. Additional sites of interest encompass the Mangdang Mountain tourism area, the Temple of Hua Mulan, the Temple of the Fire God, the Sui Emperor's Mausoleum, and the Cangjie Tomb.
The city's geography is predominantly flat, with elevations ranging from 30 to 70 meters across its territory. Shangqiu experiences a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate with four distinct seasons. Winters are cool and dry, whereas summers are hot and humid. Spring and autumn are significantly shorter transition periods featuring milder conditions, while close to two-thirds of the annual precipitation falls between June and September.
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