Why Xuchang
Xuchang is a prefecture-level municipality situated in the central section of Henan Province in Central China. Positioned between latitudes 33° 16' and 34° 24' N and longitudes 113° 03' and 114° 190' E, it shares administrative borders with the provincial seat of Zhengzhou to the northwest, Kaifeng to the northeast, Zhoukou to the east, Luohe to the southeast, and Pingdingshan to the southwest. The municipality encompasses the urban districts of Weidu and Jian'an, the county-level cities of Yuzhou and Changge, and the counties of Yanling and Xiangcheng. At the 2010 census, the total population was 4,307,488 inhabitants, with 1,952,666 residing within the built-up urban center.
The region possesses a long record of settlement dating back to the early Zhou dynasty, when it was granted to Xu Wenshu of the Xu family as the State of Xu. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, control passed between the states of Zheng and Chu. In 196 AD, following the destruction of Luoyang, the warlord Cao Cao relocated Emperor Xian and the imperial court to the area, turning it into his main political center during the late Eastern Han dynasty. In 220 AD, Cao Cao's son Cao Pi designated the location as the official capital of the newly founded state of Cao Wei and renamed it Xuchang, meaning "Xu Rising." The Wei emperors held court in the city until the capital was shifted back to Luoyang in the 220s.
Xuchang experiences a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate featuring four distinct seasons. Winters are cool and dry, while summers are hot and humid. Spring arrives early with warm temperatures, followed by a mild autumn transition. The area receives over 700 millimeters of rainfall each year, with more than 70 percent of precipitation falling between May and September. Average monthly temperatures range from 0.7 °C in January to 27.0 °C in July, with an overall annual mean temperature of 14.6 °C. The region sees approximately 2,280 sunshine hours annually and has an average growing season of 217 days.
Visitors to the city can see notable historic sites such as Baling Bridge and Chunqiu Tower. Educational institutions in the municipality include Xuchang University. Beyond its historical heritage, Xuchang serves as an important center for the Chinese tobacco industry and is world-renowned for its wig and hair extension manufacturing, an enterprise that originated around 1900 through hair purchases by German merchants. In 2007, Xuchang was recognized as one of China's top ten livable cities in the Chinese Cities Brand Value Report released at the Beijing Summit of China Cities Forum.
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