Temple of Literature 🇻🇳

Located south of the Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long in Hanoi, the Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu) was founded in 1070 by Emperor Lý Thánh Tông. Dedicated to Confucius and home to Vietnam's first national university from 1076 to 1779, this iconic site invites you to explore over 54,000 square meters of history across five peaceful courtyards. As you stroll past trimmed lawns and ancient trees, you will discover the red-colored Khuê Văn pavilion—a symbol of present-day Hanoi—and the central Thiên Quang well.

You can marvel at 82 UNESCO-inscribed stone stelae resting on carved blue turtles, which honor historical exam graduates. The ceremonial fourth courtyard houses altars to Confucius and his disciples alongside a small museum showcasing students' ink wells and pens. In the reconstructed fifth courtyard, you can view statues of notable monarchs, rector Chu Văn An, a bell house, and a massive 700-kilogram drum.

Featured on the back of the 100,000 Vietnamese đồng banknote, the temple offers you an unforgettable look into Vietnam's ancient educational traditions, preserved architectural styles, and honored historic scholarly achievements.

What to see at Temple of Literature

• The red-colored Khuê Văn pavilion, built in 1805 and recognized as a symbol of Hanoi
• 82 UNESCO-inscribed stone stelae resting on carved turtles that honor historic exam graduates
• The ceremonial fourth courtyard featuring altars to Confucius and his top disciples
• A small museum displaying historical student artifacts like pens, ink wells, and books
• The reconstructed fifth courtyard housing a 700-kilogram drum and historic monarch statues

Visiting tips

Please respect the protective fences installed around the stone turtles and refrain from touching their heads to help preserve these historic artifacts.

How long: 1-2 hours · Best time: Just before Tết (Vietnamese New Year)

How to get there & what’s nearby

Temple of Literature is easy to reach on Hanoi’s public transport, and pairs naturally with Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum. For where to stay, the weather and full itineraries, see our Hanoi travel guide.